Every published account of Gregory Keough that we can point to, with the date, the publication and a link to the original. Nothing here is written by him.
Reporting on his CIA service, the companies he built across five waves of financial technology, and the tokenized real-world asset work that preceded the category. The record of the 2020 case is set out separately, here.
What the independent record says about Greg Keough
These are the sentences themselves, quoted from the publications, with the original links. Several of the archives are paywalled, so the quotations are reproduced here.
The Washington Post · 20 September 1999
“Gregory Keough, a former agent for the Central Intelligence Agency and founder of Zona Financiera, a financial services Web portal for Latin Americans and Keough’s third venture.”
“Entrepreneurship, Again and Again”
United States Information Agency, Washington File · 2 June 1999
“Keough, who was the subject of a feature article in the May issue of Forbes Magazine for starting Zona Financiera in 1997, said Internet use in Latin America is growing because it allows people there for the first time ever to ‘comparison shop’ for products on-line.”
“Huge Increase Predicted in Latin American Internet Use”
LA NACION, Argentina · 28 February 1999
“Esta información jamás ha estado disponible de forma gratuita en Internet para los consumidores y negocios de los países de América Latina y demás naciones”, dijo Greg Keough, ejecutivo de la empresa.
Reporting the launch of Zona Financiera’s free share-price service covering the exchanges of Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, Chile, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia and Uruguay. Read it
La Nación, Costa Rica · 4 June 1999
“El número de usuarios de Internet en Latinoamérica, que actualmente es de unos 18 millones de personas, podría duplicarse para finales del año 2000, según el presidente de Zona Financiera, Greg Keough.”
Cooley LLP · 8 November 2017
“Cooley advised Finova Financial on the creation of a fundraising process known as a JOBS crypto offering or JCO.”
“JCOs are the brainchild of fintech entrepreneur Gregory Keough, current CEO of Finova and former CEO of Mobile Financial Services, a MasterCard and Telefónica joint venture for mobile financial services.”
“Finova Financial Unveils JOBS Crypto Offering”
Rebtel, reported by WisBusiness · 21 May 2007
“We are delighted to be working with Rebtel, one of the leaders in Mobile VoIP,” said DigiLinea CEO and Chairman Gregory Keough.
“Rebtel Partners With DigiLinea on Mobile VoIP”
Bitcoin Magazine · 1 May 2018
“IBI Founder and Chairman Gregory Keough said, ‘We believe that the blockchain will be a powerful engine for bringing more people into prosperity and encouraging innovation at an unprecedented level.’”
“Newly Formed Institute for Blockchain Innovation Backs ICO Alternative”
California Business Journal · 28 March 2017
“As the CEO of a joint venture between MasterCard and Telefónica, Gregory Keough would often head over to his Florida farm to relax after a hard day’s work and check up on his 25 acres of chipilín bushes, a wild herb primarily used in tamales.”
“These folks are among the 70 million Americans outside of the financial system who end up spending $138 billion in fees and interest annually on emergency-loan services like auto-title lenders,” Keough says. “So, in response to this crisis, he created Finova Financial, a socially-conscious online company geared to help save this segment of the population from falling deeper into poverty and debt.”
“Financial Emergency? Problem Solved.” By Rick Weinberg, Editor in Chief. Read it
Crowdfund Insider · 2016 to 2018
Six articles covering Finova Financial and the Institute for Blockchain Innovation: the $52.5 million round (11 August 2016), the car equity line of credit (16 September 2016), the automobile-secured prepaid card (11 October 2017), the $102.5 million equity and credit facility (18 October 2017), the JCO token going global through FrontFundr (20 December 2017), and the launch of the Institute for Blockchain Innovation (1 May 2018). All six
PaymentMedia · 31 January 2013
Juan Goulu, chief executive of Telefónica Digital for Latin America: “La oportunidad de Wanda en América Latina es importante y no podemos pensar en una persona mejor que Keough para impulsarla. Su experiencia como empresario de éxito será crucial para aprovechar las sólidas bases ya establecidas y hacer crecer el negocio aún más.”
Keough: “Estoy muy orgulloso de ser parte de esta iniciativa tan increíble y emocionante que se apalanca en el poder y alcance de la tecnología móvil para acelerar la inclusión financiera en la región. Creo firmemente que facilitar el acceso a los servicios financieros puede transformar las vidas de la población no bancarizada, al igual que las economías locales.”
The same report sets out the earlier companies: RegaloCard, which used voice-over-IP conversion to let Hispanic residents in the United States send remittances instantly; DigiLínea, then the leading VoIP provider for Latin America and the United States Hispanic market, whose clients included Skype and Jajah; and AperServ, which he chaired, providing technology to monitor compliance and service levels for outsourced technology companies. It also records that he graduated in journalism from Syracuse University in 1988, with a specialisation in economics. Read it
La Estrella de Panamá · 30 January 2013
“Wanda se complace en anunciar el nombramiento de Gregory Keough como su nuevo consejero delegado. Con sede en Miami, Keough será responsable de liderar la empresa conjunta creada por MasterCard y Telefónica encargada de desarrollar soluciones financieras móviles para los clientes de Movistar en América Latina. Keough es un exitoso empresario que ha fundado varias empresas de demostrada viabilidad comercial.”
“Wanda tiene un nuevo CEO.” Read it
Cinco Días, El País · 4 February 2013
“Telefónica y MasterCard anunciaron el nombramiento del emprendedor Gregory Keough como nuevo consejero delegado de Wanda, la joint venture formada por ambos grupos para explotar el negocio de las tecnologías vinculadas al pago móvil.”
“Keough, según explicó Telefónica, ha puesto en marcha diversas start-ups relacionadas con este negocio. Entre ellas figura RegaloCard, que desarrolló tecnologías de pagos para mercados con bajo índice de bancarización, y DigiLinea y AperServ, creadora de una tecnología para monitorizar el cumplimiento de acuerdos relacionados a la externalización de servicios.”
Telefónica and Mastercard announced the appointment of the entrepreneur Gregory Keough as chief executive of Wanda, their joint venture in mobile payments. Telefónica’s own account named RegaloCard, DigiLinea and AperServ among the companies he had started. Read it
South Florida Business Journal · 21 June 2004
“DigiLinea goes from stealth mode to sales,” by Kevin Gale. Archive
Writing by Greg Keough
He has been a published contributor since long before The Cowboy In You.
FinTech Weekly · 27 October 2016
“The surge in technology solutions for financial services providers has demonstrably transformed the banking industry: from the ATM to online bill pay to the mobile banking platform, a consumer has little reason to visit a storefront location these days and financial institutions are reaping the profitable rewards of providing solutions that require less in-person contact.”
“Technology and the future of non-bank financing,” by Gregory Keough. The magazine’s own author note describes him as chief executive of Finova Financial, with twenty five years developing mobile financial solutions, and a recipient of the CIA Intelligence Star. Read it
His byline also appears in CoinDesk, Embedded and The Daily Hodl, catalogued at Muck Rack.
Greg Keough on video
- Security Token Academy · expert interview. “Gregory Keough: The Difference Between the Security Token and ICO Industry.” YouTube
- Token Fest. “Gregory Keough – Blockchain Digital Equity Securities: Disrupting Traditional Capital Raising.” YouTube
- Mobile Financial Services. “Gregory Keough, CEO, MFS, a MasterCard and Telefónica joint venture for global mobile payments.” Vimeo
- Security Token Insight · expert interview with Gregory Keough of Finova Financial. YouTube
- FinovateSpring 2016 · Finova Financial demonstration. Finovate
- Startup Grind Fort Lauderdale · hosting Gregory Keough, chief executive of Finova Financial. Event
- The Innovation Project 2014, Harvard · Harvard Innovation in Payments, participating as chief executive of the MasterCard and Telefónica mobile payments joint venture.
CIA service
- 17 May 1999 · Forbes
Forbes reports Gregory Keough’s service with the Central Intelligence Agency
The service and the Intelligence Star, with letters from three officers who served with him, are set out on the CIA and Intelligence Star page.
Remittances and mobile money, 2009 to 2014

- 2010 · Electronic Payments International
RegaloCard aims for the remittance market - 2013 · PaymentMedia
Wanda names Gregory Keough as chief executive of the Mastercard and Telefónica joint venture (Spanish)
Finova Financial, 2016 to 2018

- 2016 · The Wall Street Journal
Finova Financial raises $52.5 million first round for car equity loans - 2017 · LendIt USA
Gregory Keough of Finova Financial at LendIt 2017 - 18 October 2017 · Forbes
Consumer finance innovator secures $102.5 million to help the unbanked and underbanked - October 2017 · Miami Herald
Finova Financial secures $102 million in funding - 2017 · Fintech Nexus
Gregory Keough named Gamechanger of the Year for innovation in emergency lending - 2017 · California Business Journal
Financial emergency, problem solved - 2018 · CoinDesk, Consensus 2018
Finova Financial: digital equity securities and the future of crypto investing
Institute for Blockchain Innovation, 2017 to 2018
- 8 November 2017 · Cooley LLP
Finova Financial unveils JOBS Crypto Offering - 1 May 2018 · Forbes
Launching today, the Institute for Blockchain Innovation - 1 May 2018 · Nasdaq
Newly formed Institute for Blockchain Innovation backs ICO alternative - 1 May 2018 · Bitcoin Magazine
Newly formed Institute for Blockchain Innovation backs ICO alternative - 1 May 2018 · VentureBeat
Blockchain and crypto pioneers establish the Institute for Blockchain Innovation - 11 May 2018 · VentureBeat
Finova Financial welcomes Jeremy Gardner, David Namdar and Vishal Gurbuxani as investors and advisers - 2018 · Securities.io
Institute for Blockchain Innovation welcomes new members
More on the Institute for Blockchain Innovation and the JOBS Crypto Offering
Tokenized real-world assets, 2019 to 2021
- 2019 · PR Newswire
World’s first tokenized private credit offering: Blockchain Credit Partners joins the Goren Holm Ventures portfolio - 2020 · Aithority
Blockchain Credit Partners launches the world’s first tokenized high-yield private credit fund - 2020 · DMM Foundation
Tim Draper’s venture studio purchases a stake in DMM DAO - 2020 · Business Insider
DeFi Money Market gives Poloniex and BitMart traders the ability to earn 6.25 percent interest on digital assets - 2020 · Cointelegraph
Projects and investors gather online for the Global DeFi Summit - 2020 · Publish0x
Things you should know about DeFi Money Market - 19 November 2020 · CoinDesk
Open finance is better than broken finance - 2020 · Authority Magazine
The future is now: Gregory Keough of DeFi Money Market on their technological innovation - 2021 · Cointelegraph
Asset tokenization project DeFi Money Market shuts its doors - 2021 · Columbia Law School, CLS Blue Sky Blog
Paul Weiss discusses the SEC’s focus on crypto enforcement - 2020 · YouTube
DeFi Money Market DAO, with Greg Keough and Corey Caplan - 2020 · YouTube, CryptoTwins
Private credit and tokenization, with Gregory Keough
What that work was, and what the Securities and Exchange Commission’s own order records about it, is set out on the real-world assets page.
Links open the original publication. Where a date is not shown, the publisher did not carry one.